Mindfulness MBSR og MBKT (LH Indholdsside)

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 <HtmlField Name="PageContent"><![CDATA[<h2>Definition</h2>
<h3>
Hvad er Mindfulness?</h3>
Mindfulness er ikke en beskyttet titel og bliver som begreb anvendt i mange sammenh&aelig;nge og med mange betydninger. I videnskabelig og behandlingsm&aelig;ssig sammenh&aelig;ng k&aelig;des mindfulness prim&aelig;rt sammen med programmer som Mindfulness-baseret stress reduktion (MBSR) og Mindfulness-baseret kognitiv terapi (MBKT). Mange nyere Mindfulness-baserede interventioner (MBI) herunder MBKT er udviklet p&aring; grundlag af MBSR. I b&aring;de MBSR og MBKT bruges mindfulness synonymt med tr&aelig;ning af bevidsthed, som overordnet er rettet mod centrale og almene psykologiske processer som meta-kognition, opm&aelig;rksomhed, og emotionsregulering <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Wielgosz J, Goldberg SB, Kral TRA, Dunne JD, Davidson RJ, Mindfulness Meditation and Psychopathology. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2019;15: 285-316" data-value-piped="Wielgosz J, Goldberg SB, Kral TRA, Dunne JD, Davidson RJ|Mindfulness Meditation and Psychopathology.|Annu Rev Clin Psychol|2019|15|285-316|30525995" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="30525995" title="Wielgosz J, Goldberg SB, Kral TRA, Dunne JD, Davidson RJ, Mindfulness Meditation and Psychopathology. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2019;15: 285-316">1</a>,<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Tang YY, Hölzel BK, Posner MI, The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation. Nat Rev Neurosci 2015;16: 213-25" data-value-piped="Tang YY, Hölzel BK, Posner MI|The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation.|Nat Rev Neurosci|2015|16|213-25|25783612" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="25783612" title="Tang YY, Hölzel BK, Posner MI, The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation. Nat Rev Neurosci 2015;16: 213-25">2</a>. Mindfulness kan, med f&aring; undtagelser, tr&aelig;nes af alle og MBSR og MBKT har dokumenteret effekt b&aring;de til tr&aelig;ning af mental sundhed, samt som behandling og supplement til anden behandling ved visse psykiske og somatiske sygdomme.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<h2>Basisoplysninger</h2>
MBSR og MBKT er de to videnskabeligt bedst dokumenterede programmer med meditation til forebyggelse og behandling af stress, angst og depression. Den eksisterende videnskabelige evidens hviler p&aring;, at undervisningen leveres af en uddannet underviser. Effekt ved brug af apps alene og uden underviser er ikke tilstr&aelig;kkelig belyst<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Galante J, Friedrich C, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT) 3, Dalgleish T, Jones PB, White IR, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT), Individual participant data systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials assessing adult mindfulness-based programmes for mental health promotion in non-clinical settings. Nat Ment Health 2023;1: 462-476" data-value-piped="Galante J, Friedrich C, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT) 3, Dalgleish T, Jones PB, White IR, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT)|Individual participant data systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials assessing adult mindfulness-based programmes for mental health promotion in non-clinical settings.|Nat Ment Health|2023|1|462-476|37867573" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="37867573" title="Galante J, Friedrich C, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT) 3, Dalgleish T, Jones PB, White IR, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT), Individual participant data systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials assessing adult mindfulness-based programmes for mental health promotion in non-clinical settings. Nat Ment Health 2023;1: 462-476">3</a>.&nbsp;
For b&aring;de MBSR og MBKT g&aelig;lder internationalt fastsatte kriterier for uddannelse af undervisere og programindhold<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Crane RS, Brewer J, Feldman C, Kabat-Zinn J, Santorelli S, Williams JM, Kuyken W, What defines mindfulness-based programs? The warp and the weft. Psychol Med 2017;47: 990-999" data-value-piped="Crane RS, Brewer J, Feldman C, Kabat-Zinn J, Santorelli S, Williams JM, Kuyken W|What defines mindfulness-based programs? The warp and the weft.|Psychol Med|2017|47|990-999|28031068" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="28031068" title="Crane RS, Brewer J, Feldman C, Kabat-Zinn J, Santorelli S, Williams JM, Kuyken W, What defines mindfulness-based programs? The warp and the weft. Psychol Med 2017;47: 990-999">4</a>,<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Loucks EB, Crane RS, Sanghvi MA, Montero-Marin J, Proulx J, Brewer JA, Kuyken W, Mindfulness-Based Programs: Why, When, and How to Adapt?. Glob Adv Health Med 2022;11: 21649561211068805" data-value-piped="Loucks EB, Crane RS, Sanghvi MA, Montero-Marin J, Proulx J, Brewer JA, Kuyken W|Mindfulness-Based Programs: Why, When, and How to Adapt?|Glob Adv Health Med|2022|11|21649561211068805|35127272" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="35127272" title="Loucks EB, Crane RS, Sanghvi MA, Montero-Marin J, Proulx J, Brewer JA, Kuyken W, Mindfulness-Based Programs: Why, When, and How to Adapt?. Glob Adv Health Med 2022;11: 21649561211068805">5</a>.
MBSR er et internationalt anerkendt og videnskabeligt veldokumenteret program m&aring;lrettet stress reduktion og tr&aelig;ning af mental sundhed blandt voksne generelt <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Santorelli SF, Mindfulness and medicine. Interview by Bonnie J. Horrigan. Explore (NY) 2007;3: 136-44" data-value-piped="Santorelli SF|Mindfulness and medicine. Interview by Bonnie J. Horrigan.|Explore (NY)|2007|3|136-44|17362849" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="17362849" title="Santorelli SF, Mindfulness and medicine. Interview by Bonnie J. Horrigan. Explore (NY) 2007;3: 136-44">6</a>,<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Kabat-Zinn J, Lessons from Medicine. Mindfulness (N Y) 2020;11: 1818-1822" data-value-piped="Kabat-Zinn J|Lessons from Medicine.|Mindfulness (N Y)|2020|11|1818-1822|32421045" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="32421045" title="Kabat-Zinn J, Lessons from Medicine. Mindfulness (N Y) 2020;11: 1818-1822">7</a>. MBSR har is&aelig;r vist effekt p&aring; mental trivsel og symptomer p&aring; stress, angst og depression<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Galante J, Friedrich C, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT) 3, Dalgleish T, Jones PB, White IR, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT), Individual participant data systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials assessing adult mindfulness-based programmes for mental health promotion in non-clinical settings. Nat Ment Health 2023;1: 462-476" data-value-piped="Galante J, Friedrich C, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT) 3, Dalgleish T, Jones PB, White IR, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT)|Individual participant data systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials assessing adult mindfulness-based programmes for mental health promotion in non-clinical settings.|Nat Ment Health|2023|1|462-476|37867573" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="37867573" title="Galante J, Friedrich C, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT) 3, Dalgleish T, Jones PB, White IR, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT), Individual participant data systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials assessing adult mindfulness-based programmes for mental health promotion in non-clinical settings. Nat Ment Health 2023;1: 462-476">3</a>,<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="de Vibe M, Bjørndal A, Fattah S, Dyrdal GM, Halland E, Tanner-Smith EE, Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) for improving health, quality of life and social functioning in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Campbell Systematic Reviews 2017;13(1): 1-264" data-value-piped="de Vibe M, Bjørndal A, Fattah S, Dyrdal GM, Halland E, Tanner-Smith EE|Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) for improving health, quality of life and social functioning in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis|Campbell Systematic Reviews|2017|13(1)|1-264|" data-url="reference-link" title="de Vibe M, Bjørndal A, Fattah S, Dyrdal GM, Halland E, Tanner-Smith EE, Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) for improving health, quality of life and social functioning in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Campbell Systematic Reviews 2017;13(1): 1-264">8</a>. MBSR er unders&oslash;gt som behandling af angstlidelser. Forel&oslash;bige resultater har vist, at MBSR er lige s&aring; effektivt som medicin (Escitalopram) til behandling af angstlidelser hos voksne og med markant f&aelig;rre bivirkninger<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Hoge EA, Bui E, Mete M, Dutton MA, Baker AW, Simon NM, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction vs Escitalopram for the Treatment of Adults With Anxiety Disorders: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry 2023;80: 13-21" data-value-piped="Hoge EA, Bui E, Mete M, Dutton MA, Baker AW, Simon NM|Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction vs Escitalopram for the Treatment of Adults With Anxiety Disorders: A Randomized Clinical Trial.|JAMA Psychiatry|2023|80|13-21|36350591" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="36350591" title="Hoge EA, Bui E, Mete M, Dutton MA, Baker AW, Simon NM, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction vs Escitalopram for the Treatment of Adults With Anxiety Disorders: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry 2023;80: 13-21">9</a>. MBSR er endnu ikke et tilbud til voksne med angst i Danmark.&nbsp;
MBKT reducerer risikoen for tilbagefald af depression efter &eacute;n eller flere depressive episoder og kan tilbydes som alternativ til medicinsk vedligeholdelsesbehandling eller kognitiv terapi uafh&aelig;ngigt af k&oslash;n og alder<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Kuyken W, Watkins E, Holden E, White K, Taylor RS, Byford S, Evans A, Radford S, Teasdale JD, Dalgleish T, How does mindfulness-based cognitive therapy work?. Behav Res Ther 2010;48: 1105-12" data-value-piped="Kuyken W, Watkins E, Holden E, White K, Taylor RS, Byford S, Evans A, Radford S, Teasdale JD, Dalgleish T|How does mindfulness-based cognitive therapy work?|Behav Res Ther|2010|48|1105-12|20810101" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="20810101" title="Kuyken W, Watkins E, Holden E, White K, Taylor RS, Byford S, Evans A, Radford S, Teasdale JD, Dalgleish T, How does mindfulness-based cognitive therapy work?. Behav Res Ther 2010;48: 1105-12">10</a>,<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74" data-value-piped="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T|Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials.|JAMA Psychiatry|2016|73|565-74|27119968" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="27119968" title="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74">11</a>,<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Goldberg SB, Riordan KM, Sun S, Davidson RJ, The Empirical Status of Mindfulness-Based Interventions: A Systematic Review of 44 Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials. Perspect Psychol Sci 2022;17: 108-130" data-value-piped="Goldberg SB, Riordan KM, Sun S, Davidson RJ|The Empirical Status of Mindfulness-Based Interventions: A Systematic Review of 44 Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials.|Perspect Psychol Sci|2022|17|108-130|33593124" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="33593124" title="Goldberg SB, Riordan KM, Sun S, Davidson RJ, The Empirical Status of Mindfulness-Based Interventions: A Systematic Review of 44 Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials. Perspect Psychol Sci 2022;17: 108-130">12</a>,<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Montero-Marin J, Hinze V, Maloney S, van der Velden AM, Hayes R, Watkins ER, Byford S, Dalgleish T, Kuyken W, Examining what works for whom and how in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) for recurrent depression: moderated-mediation analysis in the PREVENT trial. Br J Psychiatry 2025;226: 213-221" data-value-piped="Montero-Marin J, Hinze V, Maloney S, van der Velden AM, Hayes R, Watkins ER, Byford S, Dalgleish T, Kuyken W|Examining what works for whom and how in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) for recurrent depression: moderated-mediation analysis in the PREVENT trial.|Br J Psychiatry|2025|226|213-221|39512158" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="39512158" title="Montero-Marin J, Hinze V, Maloney S, van der Velden AM, Hayes R, Watkins ER, Byford S, Dalgleish T, Kuyken W, Examining what works for whom and how in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) for recurrent depression: moderated-mediation analysis in the PREVENT trial. Br J Psychiatry 2025;226: 213-221">13</a>. MBKT har ogs&aring; vist effekt i behandlingen af aktuel depression uafh&aelig;ngigt af symptom sv&aelig;rhedsgrad<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Sverre KT, Nissen ER, Farver-Vestergaard I, Johannsen M, Zachariae R, Comparing the efficacy of mindfulness-based therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression in head-to-head randomized controlled trials: A systematic review and meta-analysis of equivalence. Clin Psychol Rev 2023;100: 102234" data-value-piped="Sverre KT, Nissen ER, Farver-Vestergaard I, Johannsen M, Zachariae R|Comparing the efficacy of mindfulness-based therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression in head-to-head randomized controlled trials: A systematic review and meta-analysis of equivalence.|Clin Psychol Rev|2023|100|102234|36527794" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="36527794" title="Sverre KT, Nissen ER, Farver-Vestergaard I, Johannsen M, Zachariae R, Comparing the efficacy of mindfulness-based therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression in head-to-head randomized controlled trials: A systematic review and meta-analysis of equivalence. Clin Psychol Rev 2023;100: 102234">14</a>. Her mangler dog sammenligning med andre evidensbaserede behandlinger.
MBKT har vist effekt i behandling af aktuel depression sammenlignet med vanlig behandling i Danmark, hvor virkningsmekanismerne blev unders&oslash;gt ved hjernescanninger (fMRI)<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="van der Velden AM, Scholl J, Elmholdt EM, Fjorback LO, Harmer CJ, Lazar SW, O'Toole MS, Smallwood J, Roepstorff A, Kuyken W, Mindfulness Training Changes Brain Dynamics During Depressive Rumination: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Biol Psychiatry 2023;93: 233-242" data-value-piped="van der Velden AM, Scholl J, Elmholdt EM, Fjorback LO, Harmer CJ, Lazar SW, O'Toole MS, Smallwood J, Roepstorff A, Kuyken W|Mindfulness Training Changes Brain Dynamics During Depressive Rumination: A Randomized Controlled Trial.|Biol Psychiatry|2023|93|233-242|36328822" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="36328822" title="van der Velden AM, Scholl J, Elmholdt EM, Fjorback LO, Harmer CJ, Lazar SW, O'Toole MS, Smallwood J, Roepstorff A, Kuyken W, Mindfulness Training Changes Brain Dynamics During Depressive Rumination: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Biol Psychiatry 2023;93: 233-242">15</a>. MBKT har ogs&aring; vist effekt p&aring; sv&aelig;rhedsgraden af behandlingsresistent depression, hvor patienten ikke har effekt af medicinsk behandling<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Eisendrath SJ, Gillung E, Delucchi KL, Segal ZV, Nelson JC, McInnes LA, Mathalon DH, Feldman MD, A Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression. Psychother Psychosom 2016;85: 99-110" data-value-piped="Eisendrath SJ, Gillung E, Delucchi KL, Segal ZV, Nelson JC, McInnes LA, Mathalon DH, Feldman MD|A Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression.|Psychother Psychosom|2016|85|99-110|26808973" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="26808973" title="Eisendrath SJ, Gillung E, Delucchi KL, Segal ZV, Nelson JC, McInnes LA, Mathalon DH, Feldman MD, A Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression. Psychother Psychosom 2016;85: 99-110">16</a>,<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Chiesa A, Castagner V, Andrisano C, Serretti A, Mandelli L, Porcelli S, Giommi F, Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy vs. psycho-education for patients with major depression who did not achieve remission following antidepressant treatment. Psychiatry Res 2015;226: 474-83" data-value-piped="Chiesa A, Castagner V, Andrisano C, Serretti A, Mandelli L, Porcelli S, Giommi F|Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy vs. psycho-education for patients with major depression who did not achieve remission following antidepressant treatment.|Psychiatry Res|2015|226|474-83|25744325" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="25744325" title="Chiesa A, Castagner V, Andrisano C, Serretti A, Mandelli L, Porcelli S, Giommi F, Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy vs. psycho-education for patients with major depression who did not achieve remission following antidepressant treatment. Psychiatry Res 2015;226: 474-83">17</a>,<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Cladder-Micus MB, Speckens AEM, Vrijsen JN, T Donders AR, Becker ES, Spijker J, Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for patients with chronic, treatment-resistant depression: A pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Depress Anxiety 2018;35: 914-924" data-value-piped="Cladder-Micus MB, Speckens AEM, Vrijsen JN, T Donders AR, Becker ES, Spijker J|Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for patients with chronic, treatment-resistant depression: A pragmatic randomized controlled trial.|Depress Anxiety|2018|35|914-924|30088834" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="30088834" title="Cladder-Micus MB, Speckens AEM, Vrijsen JN, T Donders AR, Becker ES, Spijker J, Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for patients with chronic, treatment-resistant depression: A pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Depress Anxiety 2018;35: 914-924">18</a>,<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Barnhofer T, Dunn BD, Strauss C, Ruths FA, Barrett B, Ryan M, Ladwa A, Stafford F, Fichera R, Baber H, McGuinness A, Metcalfe I, Kan DKY, Pooley J, Harding D, Tassie E, Carson J, Rhodes S, Young AH, Connors J, Warren FC, Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus treatment as usual after non-remission with NHS Talking Therapies high-intensity psychological therapy for depression: a UK-based clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness randomised, controlled, superiority trial. Lancet Psychiatry 2025;12: 433-446" data-value-piped="Barnhofer T, Dunn BD, Strauss C, Ruths FA, Barrett B, Ryan M, Ladwa A, Stafford F, Fichera R, Baber H, McGuinness A, Metcalfe I, Kan DKY, Pooley J, Harding D, Tassie E, Carson J, Rhodes S, Young AH, Connors J, Warren FC|Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus treatment as usual after non-remission with NHS Talking Therapies high-intensity psychological therapy for depression: a UK-based clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness randomised, controlled, superiority trial.|Lancet Psychiatry|2025|12|433-446|40379363" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="40379363" title="Barnhofer T, Dunn BD, Strauss C, Ruths FA, Barrett B, Ryan M, Ladwa A, Stafford F, Fichera R, Baber H, McGuinness A, Metcalfe I, Kan DKY, Pooley J, Harding D, Tassie E, Carson J, Rhodes S, Young AH, Connors J, Warren FC, Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus treatment as usual after non-remission with NHS Talking Therapies high-intensity psychological therapy for depression: a UK-based clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness randomised, controlled, superiority trial. Lancet Psychiatry 2025;12: 433-446">19</a>. MBKT er endnu ikke et tilbud til forebyggelse eller behandling af depression i Danmark.
Generelt har Mindfulness-baserede interventioner (MBI), herunder is&aelig;r MBSR og MBKT, en moderat til stor effekt p&aring; mental sundhed hos personer med samtidig psykisk lidelse og en tilsvarende lille til moderat effekt i den almene befolkning<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Galante J, Friedrich C, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT) 3, Dalgleish T, Jones PB, White IR, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT), Individual participant data systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials assessing adult mindfulness-based programmes for mental health promotion in non-clinical settings. Nat Ment Health 2023;1: 462-476" data-value-piped="Galante J, Friedrich C, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT) 3, Dalgleish T, Jones PB, White IR, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT)|Individual participant data systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials assessing adult mindfulness-based programmes for mental health promotion in non-clinical settings.|Nat Ment Health|2023|1|462-476|37867573" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="37867573" title="Galante J, Friedrich C, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT) 3, Dalgleish T, Jones PB, White IR, Collaboration of Mindfulness Trials (CoMinT), Individual participant data systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials assessing adult mindfulness-based programmes for mental health promotion in non-clinical settings. Nat Ment Health 2023;1: 462-476">3</a>,<a href="EditorPage.aspx?da=core&amp;id=%7B93B5491B-72EB-4D83-886F-4822DBA6643E%7D&amp;ed=FIELD1056133760&amp;vs&amp;la=da&amp;fld=%7B850D32D3-55A1-49E4-9CDF-F0C88D91563C%7D&amp;so=%2Fsitecore%2Fsystem%2FSettings%2FHtml%20Editor%20Profiles%2FRich%20Text%20LHPH&amp;di=0&amp;hdl=H1056133826&amp;mo&amp;pe=0&amp;fbd=1" data-type="journal-reference" data-value="de Vibe M, Bjørndal A, Fattah S, Dyrdal GM, Halland E, Tanner-Smith EE, Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) for improving health, quality of life and social functioning in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Campbell Systematic Reviews 2017;13(1): 1-264" data-value-piped="de Vibe M, Bjørndal A, Fattah S, Dyrdal GM, Halland E, Tanner-Smith EE|Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) for improving health, quality of life and social functioning in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis|Campbell Systematic Reviews|2017|13(1)|1-264|" data-url="reference-link" title="de Vibe M, Bjørndal A, Fattah S, Dyrdal GM, Halland E, Tanner-Smith EE, Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) for improving health, quality of life and social functioning in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Campbell Systematic Reviews 2017;13(1): 1-264">8</a>,<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="van Agteren J, Iasiello M, Lo L, Bartholomaeus J, Kopsaftis Z, Carey M, Kyrios M, A systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological interventions to improve mental wellbeing. Nat Hum Behav 2021;5: 631-652" data-value-piped="van Agteren J, Iasiello M, Lo L, Bartholomaeus J, Kopsaftis Z, Carey M, Kyrios M|A systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological interventions to improve mental wellbeing.|Nat Hum Behav|2021|5|631-652|33875837" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="33875837" title="van Agteren J, Iasiello M, Lo L, Bartholomaeus J, Kopsaftis Z, Carey M, Kyrios M, A systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological interventions to improve mental wellbeing. Nat Hum Behav 2021;5: 631-652">20</a>. MBI er unders&oslash;gt blandt patienter med en r&aelig;kke somatiske sygdomme, som kr&aelig;ft <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Cillessen L, Johannsen M, Speckens AEM, Zachariae R, Mindfulness-based interventions for psychological and physical health outcomes in cancer patients and survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychooncology 2019;28: 2257-2269" data-value-piped="Cillessen L, Johannsen M, Speckens AEM, Zachariae R|Mindfulness-based interventions for psychological and physical health outcomes in cancer patients and survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.|Psychooncology|2019|28|2257-2269|31464026" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="31464026" title="Cillessen L, Johannsen M, Speckens AEM, Zachariae R, Mindfulness-based interventions for psychological and physical health outcomes in cancer patients and survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychooncology 2019;28: 2257-2269">21</a>,<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Huang HP, He M, Wang HY, Zhou M, A meta-analysis of the benefits of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on psychological function among breast cancer (BC) survivors. Breast Cancer 2016;23: 568-76" data-value-piped="Huang HP, He M, Wang HY, Zhou M|A meta-analysis of the benefits of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on psychological function among breast cancer (BC) survivors.|Breast Cancer|2016|23|568-76|25820148" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="25820148" title="Huang HP, He M, Wang HY, Zhou M, A meta-analysis of the benefits of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on psychological function among breast cancer (BC) survivors. Breast Cancer 2016;23: 568-76">22</a>, diabetes <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Fisher V, Li WW, Malabu U, The effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on the mental health, HbA1C, and mindfulness of diabetes patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2023;15: 1733-1749" data-value-piped="Fisher V, Li WW, Malabu U|The effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on the mental health, HbA1C, and mindfulness of diabetes patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.|Appl Psychol Health Well Being|2023|15|1733-1749|36855248" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="36855248" title="Fisher V, Li WW, Malabu U, The effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on the mental health, HbA1C, and mindfulness of diabetes patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2023;15: 1733-1749">23</a> og kroniske smerter <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Paschali M, Lazaridou A, Sadora J, Papianou L, Garland EL, Zgierska AE, Edwards RR, Mindfulness-based Interventions for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin J Pain 2024;40: 105-113" data-value-piped="Paschali M, Lazaridou A, Sadora J, Papianou L, Garland EL, Zgierska AE, Edwards RR|Mindfulness-based Interventions for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.|Clin J Pain|2024|40|105-113|37942696" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="37942696" title="Paschali M, Lazaridou A, Sadora J, Papianou L, Garland EL, Zgierska AE, Edwards RR, Mindfulness-based Interventions for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin J Pain 2024;40: 105-113">24</a>,<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Khoo EL, Small R, Cheng W, Hatchard T, Glynn B, Rice DB, Skidmore B, Kenny S, Hutton B, Poulin PA, Comparative evaluation of group-based mindfulness-based stress reduction and cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment and management of chronic pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Evid Based Ment Health 2019;22: 26-35" data-value-piped="Khoo EL, Small R, Cheng W, Hatchard T, Glynn B, Rice DB, Skidmore B, Kenny S, Hutton B, Poulin PA|Comparative evaluation of group-based mindfulness-based stress reduction and cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment and management of chronic pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.|Evid Based Ment Health|2019|22|26-35|30705039" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="30705039" title="Khoo EL, Small R, Cheng W, Hatchard T, Glynn B, Rice DB, Skidmore B, Kenny S, Hutton B, Poulin PA, Comparative evaluation of group-based mindfulness-based stress reduction and cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment and management of chronic pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Evid Based Ment Health 2019;22: 26-35">25</a>. Her ses is&aelig;r effekt p&aring; psykologiske f&oslash;lger af sygdom som stress, angst og depression. Der er udviklet et Mindfulness program m&aring;lrettet forebyggelse af kardiovaskul&aelig;r sygdom. Programmet er udviklet p&aring; grundlag af MBSR og adresserer risikofaktorer som kost, motion, alkohol, rygning og stress. Resultaterne fra det f&oslash;rste randomiserede studie har vist en klinisk relevant effekt p&aring; forh&oslash;jet blodtryk hos voksne over 18 &aring;r <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Loucks EB, Schuman-Olivier Z, Saadeh FB, Scarpaci MM, Nardi WR, Proulx JA, Gutman R, King J, Britton WB, Kronish IM, Effect of Adapted Mindfulness Training in Participants With Elevated Office Blood Pressure: The MB-BP Study: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Am Heart Assoc 2023;12: e028712" data-value-piped="Loucks EB, Schuman-Olivier Z, Saadeh FB, Scarpaci MM, Nardi WR, Proulx JA, Gutman R, King J, Britton WB, Kronish IM|Effect of Adapted Mindfulness Training in Participants With Elevated Office Blood Pressure: The MB-BP Study: A Randomized Clinical Trial.|J Am Heart Assoc|2023|12|e028712|37218591" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="37218591" title="Loucks EB, Schuman-Olivier Z, Saadeh FB, Scarpaci MM, Nardi WR, Proulx JA, Gutman R, King J, Britton WB, Kronish IM, Effect of Adapted Mindfulness Training in Participants With Elevated Office Blood Pressure: The MB-BP Study: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Am Heart Assoc 2023;12: e028712">26</a>.&nbsp;
Forbedret opm&aelig;rksomhed, emotionsregulering og stressreduktion efter mindfulness tr&aelig;ning er associeret med &aelig;ndringer i hjernen (pr&aelig;frontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, postior cingulate cortex<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Tang YY, Hölzel BK, Posner MI, The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation. Nat Rev Neurosci 2015;16: 213-25" data-value-piped="Tang YY, Hölzel BK, Posner MI|The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation.|Nat Rev Neurosci|2015|16|213-25|25783612" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="25783612" title="Tang YY, Hölzel BK, Posner MI, The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation. Nat Rev Neurosci 2015;16: 213-25">2</a>.&nbsp;

Hverken MBSR eller MBKT kan anbefales ved sv&aelig;r psykisk sygdom (psykoser, skizofreni og mani), suicidal fare eller aktuelt misbrug af rusmidler. Eventuelle tvivlstilf&aelig;lde kan afklares i samarbejde med uddannet underviser.&nbsp;
Som anden psykologisk behandling kan deltagelse i <a href="https://mindfulness.au.dk/forloeb/mindfulness-baseret-stressreduktion">MBI</a> have u&oslash;nskede virkninger <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Britton WB, Can mindfulness be too much of a good thing? The value of a middle way. Curr Opin Psychol 2019;28: 159-165" data-value-piped="Britton WB|Can mindfulness be too much of a good thing? The value of a middle way.|Curr Opin Psychol|2019|28|159-165|30708288" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="30708288" title="Britton WB, Can mindfulness be too much of a good thing? The value of a middle way. Curr Opin Psychol 2019;28: 159-165">27</a>,<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Goldberg SB, Lam SU, Britton WB, Davidson RJ, Prevalence of meditation-related adverse effects in a population-based sample in the United States. Psychother Res 2022;32: 291-305" data-value-piped="Goldberg SB, Lam SU, Britton WB, Davidson RJ|Prevalence of meditation-related adverse effects in a population-based sample in the United States.|Psychother Res|2022|32|291-305|34074221" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="34074221" title="Goldberg SB, Lam SU, Britton WB, Davidson RJ, Prevalence of meditation-related adverse effects in a population-based sample in the United States. Psychother Res 2022;32: 291-305">28</a>. Hos personer med tidligere traumer og PTSD <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Canby NK, Cosby EA, Palitsky R, Kaplan DM, Lee J, Mahdavi G, Lopez AA, Goldman RE, Eichel K, Lindahl JR, Britton WB, Childhood trauma and subclinical PTSD symptoms predict adverse effects and worse outcomes across two mindfulness-based programs for active depression. PLoS One 2025;20: e0318499" data-value-piped="Canby NK, Cosby EA, Palitsky R, Kaplan DM, Lee J, Mahdavi G, Lopez AA, Goldman RE, Eichel K, Lindahl JR, Britton WB|Childhood trauma and subclinical PTSD symptoms predict adverse effects and worse outcomes across two mindfulness-based programs for active depression.|PLoS One|2025|20|e0318499|39883728" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="39883728" title="Canby NK, Cosby EA, Palitsky R, Kaplan DM, Lee J, Mahdavi G, Lopez AA, Goldman RE, Eichel K, Lindahl JR, Britton WB, Childhood trauma and subclinical PTSD symptoms predict adverse effects and worse outcomes across two mindfulness-based programs for active depression. PLoS One 2025;20: e0318499">29</a> kan der forekomme &oslash;get f&oslash;lelsesm&aelig;ssig sensitivitet, angst og/eller v&aelig;re en risiko for retraumatisering <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Goldberg SB, Lam SU, Britton WB, Davidson RJ, Prevalence of meditation-related adverse effects in a population-based sample in the United States. Psychother Res 2022;32: 291-305" data-value-piped="Goldberg SB, Lam SU, Britton WB, Davidson RJ|Prevalence of meditation-related adverse effects in a population-based sample in the United States.|Psychother Res|2022|32|291-305|34074221" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="34074221" title="Goldberg SB, Lam SU, Britton WB, Davidson RJ, Prevalence of meditation-related adverse effects in a population-based sample in the United States. Psychother Res 2022;32: 291-305">28</a>. Derfor er uddannede undervisere n&oslash;dvendigt.&nbsp;
Dansk Center for Mindfulness ved Aarhus Universitet underviser i - og uddanner undervisere i MBSR under AU Cetera. Undervisere uddannet ved Dansk Center for Mindfulness har en internationalt anerkendt uddannelse.&nbsp;&nbsp;
<h2>Mindfulness-baseret stress reduktion&nbsp;</h2>

MBSR blev udviklet i 1979 ved University of Massachusetts Medical School i USA af nu professor emeritus Jon Kabat-Zinn <a href=" " data-type="book-reference" data-value="Kabat-Zinn J. Lev med livets katastrofer. : Dansk Psykologisk Forlag; 2014" data-value-piped="Kabat-Zinn J|Lev med livets katastrofer||Dansk Psykologisk Forlag|2014" data-url="reference-link" title="Kabat-Zinn J. Lev med livets katastrofer. : Dansk Psykologisk Forlag; 2014">30</a>.&nbsp;
I programmet l&aelig;rer deltageren at integrere en r&aelig;kke psykologiske f&aelig;rdigheder gennem meditations- og yoga &oslash;velser, samt psykoedukation. Tr&aelig;ningen underst&oslash;tter tilsammen almene psykologiske processer som metakognition, opm&aelig;rksomhed og emotionsregulering. L&aelig;ringen er erfaringsbaseret, s&aring; deltageren selv erfarer samspillet mellem krop, tanker, f&oslash;lelser og adf&aelig;rd. Teoretisk kan forandringsprocessen i MBSR beskrives som: &oslash;get selvbevidsthed, hvilket kan lede til bedre selvregulering og til slut give anledning til forandring <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Vago DR, Silbersweig DA, Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART): a framework for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness. Front Hum Neurosci 2012;6: 296" data-value-piped="Vago DR, Silbersweig DA|Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART): a framework for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness.|Front Hum Neurosci|2012|6|296|23112770" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="23112770" title="Vago DR, Silbersweig DA, Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART): a framework for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness. Front Hum Neurosci 2012;6: 296">31</a>.&nbsp;
<h3>MBSR-programmet</h3>
<ul>
 <li>MBSR forl&oslash;ber over 8 uger med ugentlig undervisning af 2,5 times varighed, samt en hel undervisningsdag mellem uge 6 og uge 7 (28 undervisningstimer). Der er udarbejdet en undervisningsmanual med program for hver undervisningsgang. Deltagelse i MBSR foruds&aelig;tter desuden hjemmearbejde i form af guidede &oslash;velser op til 45 minutter dagligt</li>
 <li>Undervisningen foreg&aring;r i grupper med op til 30 deltagere og veksler mellem meditations - og yoga&oslash;velser, samt psykoedukation om stress, perception og kommunikation</li>
 <li>Mindfulness er bevidsthed, og undervisningen er rettet mod tr&aelig;ning af opm&aelig;rksomheden med en &aring;ben, venlig, ikke-d&oslash;mmende indstilling. Opm&aelig;rksomhed tr&aelig;nes ved at rette fokus mod kroppen og kropslige sensationer, fx &aring;ndedr&aelig;ttet og samtidig observere, hvordan tanker og samspillet mellem tanker, f&oslash;lelser og kropslige sensationer kan p&aring;virke opm&aelig;rksomheden</li>
 <li>Bevidsthed om kroppen og dens signaler, samt observation af f&oslash;lelser og tanker, kan tilsammen v&aelig;re medvirkende til, at uhensigtsm&aelig;ssige adf&aelig;rdsm&oslash;nstre revurderes og &aelig;ndres</li>
 <li>Deltagelse i MBSR er forbundet med et stort tidsforbrug og derfor er motivation en afg&oslash;rende faktor for gennemf&oslash;relse og udbytte af programmet</li>
</ul>
<h3>MBSR anbefalinger</h3>
P&aring; grundlag af den eksisterende videnskabelige litteratur kan MBSR anbefales til:&nbsp;
<ul>
 <li>Voksne &gt; 18 &aring;r med behov for og &oslash;nske om redskaber til stressreduktion og fremme af mental sundhed</li>
 <li>Voksne &gt; 18 &aring;r som st&oslash;tte til - eller behandling af psykologiske f&oslash;lgevirkninger af kr&aelig;ftsygdom. Herunder stress og symptomer p&aring; angst og depression</li>
</ul>
<h3>Sammenfatning</h3>
<ul>
 <li>
 Sammenfattende er MBSR et videnskabeligt veldokumenteret program til forebyggelse &ndash; og behandling af is&aelig;r stress og symptomer p&aring; angst og depression hos voksne &gt; 18 &aring;r</li>
 <li>MBSR anbefales af Sundhedsstyrelsen til fremme af mental sundhed&nbsp;&nbsp;<a rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.sst.dk/da/udgivelser/2018/forebyggelsespakke-mental-sundhed?fbclid=IwAR3nplD22W6UbOEvic3fOr3uEs_tNvehPiyfUMcM0qAdqksD333RLkF5jVk" target="_blank">Forebyggelsespakke - Mental sundhed</a></li>
</ul>
<h2>Mindfulness-baseret kognitiv terapi&nbsp;</h2>
MBKT er udviklet i 1990&acute;erne med afs&aelig;t i MBSR af tre kognitive psykologer; Zindel V. Segal, J. Mark G. Williams og John D. Teasdale <a href=" " data-type="book-reference" data-value="Zindel VS, Mark GW, John DT. Mindfulness-baseret kognitiv terapi mod depression. : Hans Reitzels Forlag; 2014" data-value-piped="Zindel VS, Mark GW, John DT|Mindfulness-baseret kognitiv terapi mod depression||Hans Reitzels Forlag|2014" data-url="reference-link" title="Zindel VS, Mark GW, John DT. Mindfulness-baseret kognitiv terapi mod depression. : Hans Reitzels Forlag; 2014">32</a>. MBKT er rettet mod forebyggelse af tilbagefald af depression. Teoretisk er programmet baseret p&aring; en kognitiv model, hvor risikoen for genopblussen eller tilbagefald af depression forklares som en &oslash;get s&aring;rbarhed, der er grundlagt af tidligere depression og som medf&oslash;rer, at dysfunktionelle m&oslash;nstre (negative tanker og f&oslash;lelser) lettere reaktiveres <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="van der Velden AM, Scholl J, Elmholdt EM, Fjorback LO, Harmer CJ, Lazar SW, O'Toole MS, Smallwood J, Roepstorff A, Kuyken W, Mindfulness Training Changes Brain Dynamics During Depressive Rumination: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Biol Psychiatry 2023;93: 233-242" data-value-piped="van der Velden AM, Scholl J, Elmholdt EM, Fjorback LO, Harmer CJ, Lazar SW, O'Toole MS, Smallwood J, Roepstorff A, Kuyken W|Mindfulness Training Changes Brain Dynamics During Depressive Rumination: A Randomized Controlled Trial.|Biol Psychiatry|2023|93|233-242|36328822" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="36328822" title="van der Velden AM, Scholl J, Elmholdt EM, Fjorback LO, Harmer CJ, Lazar SW, O'Toole MS, Smallwood J, Roepstorff A, Kuyken W, Mindfulness Training Changes Brain Dynamics During Depressive Rumination: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Biol Psychiatry 2023;93: 233-242">15</a>. L&aelig;ringsmodellen er erfaringsbaseret.
<h3>MBKT programmet&nbsp;</h3>
<ul>
 <li>MBKT integrerer MBSR og elementer fra kognitiv adf&aelig;rdsterapi i et 8-ugers gruppebaseret forl&oslash;b. Kombinationen af mindfulness tr&aelig;ning og kognitiv terapi er her rettet mod en bevidstg&oslash;relse af de m&oslash;nstre, der igangs&aelig;tter og fastholder depression med det form&aring;l at forebygge en ny depression</li>
 <li>MBKT undervises overvejende i mindre grupper p&aring; op til 15 deltagere og af uddannede undervisere med samtidig relevant klinisk baggrund</li>
 <li>MBKT minder i sin struktur med 8 sessioner og en heldags session (28 undervisningstimer), samt graden af hjemmearbejde meget om MBSR-programmet. Flere af &oslash;velserne g&aring;r ogs&aring; igen i begge programmer</li>
 <li>Deltagelse i MBKT er forbundet med et stort tidsforbrug og derfor er motivation en afg&oslash;rende faktor for gennemf&oslash;relse og udbytte af programmet&nbsp;</li>
</ul>
<h3>MBKT anbefalinger&nbsp;</h3>

P&aring; grundlag af den eksisterende videnskabelige litteratur kan MBKT anbefales som:
<ul>
 <li>Forebyggende behandling ved risiko for tilbagefald af depression hos personer med &eacute;n eller flere tidligere depressive episoder uafh&aelig;ngigt af k&oslash;n og alder<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74" data-value-piped="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T|Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials.|JAMA Psychiatry|2016|73|565-74|27119968" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="27119968" title="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74">11</a>,<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Goldberg SB, Riordan KM, Sun S, Davidson RJ, The Empirical Status of Mindfulness-Based Interventions: A Systematic Review of 44 Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials. Perspect Psychol Sci 2022;17: 108-130" data-value-piped="Goldberg SB, Riordan KM, Sun S, Davidson RJ|The Empirical Status of Mindfulness-Based Interventions: A Systematic Review of 44 Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials.|Perspect Psychol Sci|2022|17|108-130|33593124" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="33593124" title="Goldberg SB, Riordan KM, Sun S, Davidson RJ, The Empirical Status of Mindfulness-Based Interventions: A Systematic Review of 44 Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials. Perspect Psychol Sci 2022;17: 108-130">12</a>,<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Montero-Marin J, Hinze V, Maloney S, van der Velden AM, Hayes R, Watkins ER, Byford S, Dalgleish T, Kuyken W, Examining what works for whom and how in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) for recurrent depression: moderated-mediation analysis in the PREVENT trial. Br J Psychiatry 2025;226: 213-221" data-value-piped="Montero-Marin J, Hinze V, Maloney S, van der Velden AM, Hayes R, Watkins ER, Byford S, Dalgleish T, Kuyken W|Examining what works for whom and how in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) for recurrent depression: moderated-mediation analysis in the PREVENT trial.|Br J Psychiatry|2025|226|213-221|39512158" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="39512158" title="Montero-Marin J, Hinze V, Maloney S, van der Velden AM, Hayes R, Watkins ER, Byford S, Dalgleish T, Kuyken W, Examining what works for whom and how in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) for recurrent depression: moderated-mediation analysis in the PREVENT trial. Br J Psychiatry 2025;226: 213-221">13</a>&nbsp;</li>
 <li>Alternativ til medicinsk vedligeholdelsesbehandling eller kognitiv terapi hos personer med &eacute;n eller flere tidligere depressive episoder</li>
</ul>
<h3>Sammenfatning</h3>
<ul>
 <li>Sammenfattende er MBKT et videnskabeligt veldokumenteret program, der kan tilbydes som forebyggende behandling til personer med tidligere depression uafh&aelig;ngigt af k&oslash;n og alder</li>
 <li>MBKT kan tilbydes som alternativ til medicinsk vedligeholdelsesbehandling hos personer med &eacute;n eller flere depressive episoder</li>
 <li>MBKT kan tilbydes som behandling af let til moderat depression. Anbefales af NICE-guidelines: <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng222/chapter/recommendations">https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng222/chapter/recommendations</a></li>
</ul>
<h2>Henvisningsmuligheder</h2>
<ul>
 <li>MBSR og MBKT anvendes i stigende grad som behandling i flere lande. I England og Holland har patienter med depression adgang til MBKT og patienter med stress, kroniske lidelser og kr&aelig;ft har adgang til MBSR</li>
 <li>I Danmark er MBSR og MBKT endnu ikke en del af det offentlige sundhedsv&aelig;sen, men tilbydes enkelte steder:
 <ul>
 <li>Stressreduktionsklinikken p&aring; Bispebjerg Hospital tilbyder MBSR til arbejdsrelateret stress</li>
 <li>Smerteklinikken p&aring; Odense Universitetshospital tilbyder MBSR som led i smertebehandling</li>
 <li>Familieambulatoriet p&aring; Amager og Hvidovre Hospital tilbyder MBSR til s&aring;rbare gravide i omsorgsgruppe 3 og 4. P&aring; sigt vil tilbuddet ogs&aring; omfatte s&aring;rbare gravide med tilknytning til andre hospitaler i Region Hovedstaden</li>
 <li>MBSR og MBKT er tilg&aelig;ngeligt for borgere p&aring; sygedagpenge eller i jobafklaringsforl&oslash;b ved sociall&aelig;geinstitutionen i Aarhus</li>
 <li>MBSR tilbydes borgere i Hvidovre kommune via henvisning fra praktiserende l&aelig;ge</li>
 <li>MBSR tilbydes borgere i Region Midtjylland med stress via henvisning fra egen l&aelig;ge som led i et 2-&aring;rigt projekt</li>
 </ul>
 </li>
</ul>
Som privatperson er det muligt at k&oslash;be kurser. MBSR tilbydes blandt andet af AU Cetera.
<h2>Patientinformation</h2>
<ul>
 <li><a href="~/link.aspx?_id=D487955B57444EEAA58C64910BAAF5AA&amp;_z=z">Mindfulness - for borgere</a></li>
 <li><a href="~/link.aspx?_id=D487955B57444EEAA58C64910BAAF5AA&amp;_z=z"></a><a href="https://mindfulness.au.dk/">Dansk Center for Mindfulness</a></li>
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