Mindfulness MBSR og MBKT (LH Indholdsside)

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      <HtmlField Name="PageContent"><![CDATA[<h2>Definition</h2>
<p>Mindfulness er ikke et &eacute;ntydigt begreb, men indeholder b&aring;de perceptuelle, fysiologiske, kognitive, emotionelle og adf&aelig;rdsm&aelig;ssige elementer<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Vago DR, Silbersweig DA, Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART): a framework for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness. Front Hum Neurosci 2012;6: 296" data-value-piped="Vago DR, Silbersweig DA|Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART): a framework for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness.|Front Hum Neurosci|2012|6|296|23112770" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="23112770" title="Vago DR, Silbersweig DA, Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART): a framework for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness. Front Hum Neurosci 2012;6: 296">1</a>.&nbsp;Mindfulness kan defineres som &rdquo;den bevidsthed, der opst&aring;r n&aring;r fokus med vilje er til stede i det nuv&aelig;rende &oslash;jeblik uden ford&oslash;mmelse og fremmer selvindsigt, livsindsigt og medf&oslash;lelse (compassion)&rdquo; (jf. Jon Kabat-Zinn, grundl&aelig;gger af Mindfulness-baseret stressreduktion).&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>
<h2>Basisoplysninger</h2>
<ul>
    <li>Mindfulness-baseret stress reduktion (MBSR) og Mindfulness-baseret kognitiv terapi (MBKT) er de to mest udbredte og bedst dokumenterede mindfulness-baserede programmer</li>
    <li>Mindfulness, som det formidles i MBSR og MBKT, kan styrke mental sundhed og forebygge depression. Begge programmer er gruppebaserede</li>
    <li>I mods&aelig;tning til mange andre tilg&aelig;ngelige tilbud om mindfulness tr&aelig;ning, s&aring; er b&aring;de MBSR og MBKT underlagt internationale videnskabelige standarder for kvalificeret undervisning</li>
    <li>MBSR henvender sig ikke til &eacute;n bestemt m&aring;lgruppe, men er velegnet ved behov for stressreduktion og fremme af mental sundhed hos b&aring;de ellers raske personer&nbsp;<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Khoury B, Sharma M, Rush SE, Fournier C, Mindfulness-based stress reduction for healthy individuals: A meta-analysis. J Psychosom Res 2015;78: 519-28" data-value-piped="Khoury B, Sharma M, Rush SE, Fournier C|Mindfulness-based stress reduction for healthy individuals: A meta-analysis.|J Psychosom Res|2015|78|519-28|25818837" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="25818837" title="Khoury B, Sharma M, Rush SE, Fournier C, Mindfulness-based stress reduction for healthy individuals: A meta-analysis. J Psychosom Res 2015;78: 519-28">2</a>, <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Spinelli C, Wisener M, Khoury B, Mindfulness training for healthcare professionals and trainees: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Psychosom Res 2019;120: 29-38" data-value-piped="Spinelli C, Wisener M, Khoury B|Mindfulness training for healthcare professionals and trainees: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.|J Psychosom Res|2019|120|29-38|30929705" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="30929705" title="Spinelli C, Wisener M, Khoury B, Mindfulness training for healthcare professionals and trainees: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Psychosom Res 2019;120: 29-38">3</a>&nbsp;og hos syge <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Abbott RA, Whear R, Rodgers LR, Bethel A, Thompson Coon J, Kuyken W, Stein K, Dickens C, Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness based cognitive therapy in vascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Psychosom Res 2014;76: 341-51" data-value-piped="Abbott RA, Whear R, Rodgers LR, Bethel A, Thompson Coon J, Kuyken W, Stein K, Dickens C|Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness based cognitive therapy in vascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.|J Psychosom Res|2014|76|341-51|24745774" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="24745774" title="Abbott RA, Whear R, Rodgers LR, Bethel A, Thompson Coon J, Kuyken W, Stein K, Dickens C, Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness based cognitive therapy in vascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Psychosom Res 2014;76: 341-51">4</a>, <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Cillessen L, Johannsen M, Speckens AEM, Zachariae R, Mindfulness-based interventions for psychological and physical health outcomes in cancer patients and survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychooncology 2019;28: 2257-2269" data-value-piped="Cillessen L, Johannsen M, Speckens AEM, Zachariae R|Mindfulness-based interventions for psychological and physical health outcomes in cancer patients and survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.|Psychooncology|2019|28|2257-2269|31464026" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="31464026" title="Cillessen L, Johannsen M, Speckens AEM, Zachariae R, Mindfulness-based interventions for psychological and physical health outcomes in cancer patients and survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychooncology 2019;28: 2257-2269">5</a>, samt som komplementerende behandling ved kronisk sygdom <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Khoo EL, Small R, Cheng W, Hatchard T, Glynn B, Rice DB, Skidmore B, Kenny S, Hutton B, Poulin PA, Comparative evaluation of group-based mindfulness-based stress reduction and cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment and management of chronic pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Evid Based Ment Health 2019;22: 26-35" data-value-piped="Khoo EL, Small R, Cheng W, Hatchard T, Glynn B, Rice DB, Skidmore B, Kenny S, Hutton B, Poulin PA|Comparative evaluation of group-based mindfulness-based stress reduction and cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment and management of chronic pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.|Evid Based Ment Health|2019|22|26-35|30705039" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="30705039" title="Khoo EL, Small R, Cheng W, Hatchard T, Glynn B, Rice DB, Skidmore B, Kenny S, Hutton B, Poulin PA, Comparative evaluation of group-based mindfulness-based stress reduction and cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment and management of chronic pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Evid Based Ment Health 2019;22: 26-35">6</a>, <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Veehof MM, Trompetter HR, Bohlmeijer ET, Schreurs KM, Acceptance- and mindfulness-based interventions for the treatment of chronic pain: a meta-analytic review. Cogn Behav Ther 2016;45: 5-31" data-value-piped="Veehof MM, Trompetter HR, Bohlmeijer ET, Schreurs KM|Acceptance- and mindfulness-based interventions for the treatment of chronic pain: a meta-analytic review.|Cogn Behav Ther|2016|45|5-31|26818413" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="26818413" title="Veehof MM, Trompetter HR, Bohlmeijer ET, Schreurs KM, Acceptance- and mindfulness-based interventions for the treatment of chronic pain: a meta-analytic review. Cogn Behav Ther 2016;45: 5-31">7</a>&nbsp;</li>
    <li>MBKT er m&aring;lrettet forebyggelse af tilbagefald af depression hos personer med &eacute;n eller flere tidligere episoder <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74" data-value-piped="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T|Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials.|JAMA Psychiatry|2016|73|565-74|27119968" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74">8</a>, <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Velden AM, Piet J, Møller AB, Fjorback L, [Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is efficient in the treatment of recurrent depression]. Ugeskr Laeger 2017;179: " data-value-piped="Velden AM, Piet J, Møller AB, Fjorback L|[Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is efficient in the treatment of recurrent depression].|Ugeskr Laeger|2017|179||28115049" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="28115049" title="Velden AM, Piet J, Møller AB, Fjorback L, [Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is efficient in the treatment of recurrent depression]. Ugeskr Laeger 2017;179: ">9</a>, og kan tilbydes som et alternativ til kognitiv terapi og medicinsk behandling <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74" data-value-piped="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T|Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials.|JAMA Psychiatry|2016|73|565-74|27119968" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="27119968" title="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74">8</a>, <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Biesheuvel-Leliefeld KE, Kok GD, Bockting CL, Cuijpers P, Hollon SD, van Marwijk HW, Smit F, Effectiveness of psychological interventions in preventing recurrence of depressive disorder: meta-analysis and meta-regression. J Affect Disord 2015;174: 400-10" data-value-piped="Biesheuvel-Leliefeld KE, Kok GD, Bockting CL, Cuijpers P, Hollon SD, van Marwijk HW, Smit F|Effectiveness of psychological interventions in preventing recurrence of depressive disorder: meta-analysis and meta-regression.|J Affect Disord|2015|174|400-10|25553400" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="25553400" title="Biesheuvel-Leliefeld KE, Kok GD, Bockting CL, Cuijpers P, Hollon SD, van Marwijk HW, Smit F, Effectiveness of psychological interventions in preventing recurrence of depressive disorder: meta-analysis and meta-regression. J Affect Disord 2015;174: 400-10">10</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</li>
    <li>Hverken MBSR eller MBKT kan anbefales ved sv&aelig;r psykisk sygdom (herunder psykoser, skizofreni og mani), suicidal fare eller aktuelt misbrug af rusmidler. Eventuelle tvivlstilf&aelig;lde kan afklares i samarbejde med uddannet underviser</li>
    <li>Der findes mindfulnessprogrammer med effekt m&aring;lrettet patienter med psykose, men det kr&aelig;ver underviser med betydelig uddannelse og erfaring i psykotiske lidelser og mindfulness<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Vignaud P, Reilly KT, Donde C, Haesebaert F, Brunelin J, Clinical Effects of Mindfulness-Based Intervention in Patients With First Episode Psychosis and in Individuals With Ultra-High Risk for Transition to Psychosis: A Review. Front Psychiatry 2019;10: 797" data-value-piped="Vignaud P, Reilly KT, Donde C, Haesebaert F, Brunelin J|Clinical Effects of Mindfulness-Based Intervention in Patients With First Episode Psychosis and in Individuals With Ultra-High Risk for Transition to Psychosis: A Review.|Front Psychiatry|2019|10|797|31736811" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="31736811" title="Vignaud P, Reilly KT, Donde C, Haesebaert F, Brunelin J, Clinical Effects of Mindfulness-Based Intervention in Patients With First Episode Psychosis and in Individuals With Ultra-High Risk for Transition to Psychosis: A Review. Front Psychiatry 2019;10: 797">11</a>&nbsp;</li>
    <li>Der er ikke rapporteret alvorlige bivirkninger ved hverken MBSR eller MBKT, s&aring;fremt de leveres af undervisere med internationalt anerkendt uddannelse. Af lettere bivirkninger kan ses forv&aelig;rring af symptomer, fordi opm&aelig;rksomheden rettes mod indre tilstande, nogle kan blive overv&aelig;ldet af f&oslash;lelser, f&aring; ufrivillige bev&aelig;gelser, se billeder ligesom i en dr&oslash;m eller f&aring; en fornemmelse af at miste sig selv</li>
    <li>Der er fundet klinisk betydende effekter, fx reduceret trang &ndash; og hyppighed af misbrug, af mindfulness-baserede interventioner ved forskellige former for misbrug<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Wielgosz J, Goldberg SB, Kral TRA, Dunne JD, Davidson RJ, Mindfulness Meditation and Psychopathology. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2019;15: 285-316" data-value-piped="Wielgosz J, Goldberg SB, Kral TRA, Dunne JD, Davidson RJ|Mindfulness Meditation and Psychopathology.|Annu Rev Clin Psychol|2019|15|285-316|30525995" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="30525995" title="Wielgosz J, Goldberg SB, Kral TRA, Dunne JD, Davidson RJ, Mindfulness Meditation and Psychopathology. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2019;15: 285-316">12</a>, <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Garland EL, Howard MO, Mindfulness-based treatment of addiction: current state of the field and envisioning the next wave of research. Addict Sci Clin Pract 2018;13: 14" data-value-piped="Garland EL, Howard MO|Mindfulness-based treatment of addiction: current state of the field and envisioning the next wave of research.|Addict Sci Clin Pract|2018|13|14|29669599" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="29669599" title="Garland EL, Howard MO, Mindfulness-based treatment of addiction: current state of the field and envisioning the next wave of research. Addict Sci Clin Pract 2018;13: 14">13</a></li>
    <li>Nyere forskningsomr&aring;der inkluderer effekten af mindfulness-baserede interventioner til PTSD, spiseforstyrrelser og ADHD<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Wielgosz J, Goldberg SB, Kral TRA, Dunne JD, Davidson RJ, Mindfulness Meditation and Psychopathology. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2019;15: 285-316" data-value-piped="Wielgosz J, Goldberg SB, Kral TRA, Dunne JD, Davidson RJ|Mindfulness Meditation and Psychopathology.|Annu Rev Clin Psychol|2019|15|285-316|30525995" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Wielgosz J, Goldberg SB, Kral TRA, Dunne JD, Davidson RJ, Mindfulness Meditation and Psychopathology. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2019;15: 285-316">12</a></li>
    <li>Der er udviklet mindfulness-programmer s&aelig;rligt til b&oslash;rn. Herunder det britiske program .b&nbsp; (udtales dot-be) for b&oslash;rn og unge i alderen 11-18 &aring;r, samt det amerikanske Kindness Curriculum for b&oslash;rn i f&oslash;rskolealderen. Begge programmer er unders&oslash;gt i randomiserede fors&oslash;g. Det britiske program, .b er pilottestet i Danmark og der er et igangv&aelig;rende st&oslash;rre randomiseret fors&oslash;g. Sidstn&aelig;vnte Kindness Curriculum er endnu ikke afpr&oslash;vet i Danmark</li>
    <li>Dansk Center for Mindfulness ved Aarhus Universitet underviser i - og uddanner - undervisere i b&aring;de MBSR og MBKT. Undervisere uddannet ved Dansk Center for Mindfulness har en internationalt anerkendt uddannelse&nbsp;</li>
</ul>
<h2>Mindfulness-baseret stress reduktion&nbsp;</h2>
<p>Mindfulness-baseret stress reduktion (MBSR) blev udviklet i 1979 ved University of Massachusetts Medical School i USA af nu professor emeritus Jon Kabat-Zinn. </p>
<p>MBSR kan betragtes som en folkesundhedsintervention og der er i dag velbeskrevne standarder for levering af programmet. </p>
<p>Uddannelse af undervisere er underlagt internationale videnskabelige standarder for kvalificeret undervisning.</p>
<p>De prim&aelig;re &rdquo;v&aelig;rkt&oslash;jer&rdquo; i MBSR er meditations- og yoga&oslash;velser, som bruges til at tr&aelig;ne opm&aelig;rksomheden.</p>
<h3>MBSR-programmet</h3>
<ul>
    <li>MBSR-programmet forl&oslash;ber over 8 uger med ugentlige sessioner af 2,5 times varighed, samt en hel dag mellem uge 6 og uge 7. </li>
    <li>Undervisningen foreg&aring;r i grupper med op til 30 deltagere og veksler&nbsp;mellem &oslash;velser samt emnerne stress, perception og kommunikation. </li>
    <li>Herudover foruds&aelig;ttes daglig hjemmetr&aelig;ning i op til 45 minutter.&nbsp; </li>
    <li>Deltagelse i et MBSR-forl&oslash;b er s&aring;ledes forbundet med et stort tidsforbrug og derfor er motivation en afg&oslash;rende faktor for gennemf&oslash;relse og udbytte af programmet.</li>
</ul>
<p>
</p>
<h3>Mindfulness er bevidsthed&nbsp;</h3>
<p>Mindfulness er bevidsthed, og undervisningen er rettet mod tr&aelig;ning af opm&aelig;rksomheden. <br>
Opm&aelig;rksomhed tr&aelig;nes ved at rette fokus mod kroppen og kropslige sensationer, fx &aring;ndedr&aelig;ttet og samtidig observere, hvordan tanker og samspillet mellem tanker, f&oslash;lelser og kropslige sensationer kan p&aring;virke opm&aelig;rksomheden. </p>
<p>Bevidsthed om kroppen og dens signaler, samt observation af tankem&oslash;nstre, kan tilsammen v&aelig;re medvirkende til at uhensigtsm&aelig;ssige adf&aelig;rdsm&oslash;nstre revurderes og &aelig;ndres <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Vago DR, Silbersweig DA, Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART): a framework for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness. Front Hum Neurosci 2012;6: 296" data-value-piped="Vago DR, Silbersweig DA|Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART): a framework for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness.|Front Hum Neurosci|2012|6|296|23112770" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Vago DR, Silbersweig DA, Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART): a framework for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness. Front Hum Neurosci 2012;6: 296">1</a>, <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Wielgosz J, Goldberg SB, Kral TRA, Dunne JD, Davidson RJ, Mindfulness Meditation and Psychopathology. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2019;15: 285-316" data-value-piped="Wielgosz J, Goldberg SB, Kral TRA, Dunne JD, Davidson RJ|Mindfulness Meditation and Psychopathology.|Annu Rev Clin Psychol|2019|15|285-316|30525995" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Wielgosz J, Goldberg SB, Kral TRA, Dunne JD, Davidson RJ, Mindfulness Meditation and Psychopathology. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2019;15: 285-316">12</a>. </p>
<p>Teoretisk kan forandringsprocessen i MBSR beskrives som: observation af selv, hvilket kan lede til bedre selvregulering og til slut give anledning til forandring <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Vago DR, Silbersweig DA, Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART): a framework for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness. Front Hum Neurosci 2012;6: 296" data-value-piped="Vago DR, Silbersweig DA|Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART): a framework for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness.|Front Hum Neurosci|2012|6|296|23112770" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Vago DR, Silbersweig DA, Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART): a framework for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness. Front Hum Neurosci 2012;6: 296">1</a>. </p>
<p>Der foreligger dokumentation for effekten af MBSR, som er sammenskrevet i systematiske oversigtsartikler og metaanalyser. Sammenfattende ses en moderat effekt p&aring; stress samt p&aring; symptomer som angst og depression hos b&aring;de ellers raske personer <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Khoury B, Sharma M, Rush SE, Fournier C, Mindfulness-based stress reduction for healthy individuals: A meta-analysis. J Psychosom Res 2015;78: 519-28" data-value-piped="Khoury B, Sharma M, Rush SE, Fournier C|Mindfulness-based stress reduction for healthy individuals: A meta-analysis.|J Psychosom Res|2015|78|519-28|25818837" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Khoury B, Sharma M, Rush SE, Fournier C, Mindfulness-based stress reduction for healthy individuals: A meta-analysis. J Psychosom Res 2015;78: 519-28">2</a>, <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Spinelli C, Wisener M, Khoury B, Mindfulness training for healthcare professionals and trainees: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Psychosom Res 2019;120: 29-38" data-value-piped="Spinelli C, Wisener M, Khoury B|Mindfulness training for healthcare professionals and trainees: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.|J Psychosom Res|2019|120|29-38|30929705" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Spinelli C, Wisener M, Khoury B, Mindfulness training for healthcare professionals and trainees: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Psychosom Res 2019;120: 29-38">3</a>&nbsp;og hos syge <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Abbott RA, Whear R, Rodgers LR, Bethel A, Thompson Coon J, Kuyken W, Stein K, Dickens C, Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness based cognitive therapy in vascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Psychosom Res 2014;76: 341-51" data-value-piped="Abbott RA, Whear R, Rodgers LR, Bethel A, Thompson Coon J, Kuyken W, Stein K, Dickens C|Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness based cognitive therapy in vascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.|J Psychosom Res|2014|76|341-51|24745774" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Abbott RA, Whear R, Rodgers LR, Bethel A, Thompson Coon J, Kuyken W, Stein K, Dickens C, Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness based cognitive therapy in vascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Psychosom Res 2014;76: 341-51">4</a>, <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Cillessen L, Johannsen M, Speckens AEM, Zachariae R, Mindfulness-based interventions for psychological and physical health outcomes in cancer patients and survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychooncology 2019;28: 2257-2269" data-value-piped="Cillessen L, Johannsen M, Speckens AEM, Zachariae R|Mindfulness-based interventions for psychological and physical health outcomes in cancer patients and survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.|Psychooncology|2019|28|2257-2269|31464026" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Cillessen L, Johannsen M, Speckens AEM, Zachariae R, Mindfulness-based interventions for psychological and physical health outcomes in cancer patients and survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychooncology 2019;28: 2257-2269">5</a>. </p>
<p>Hos personer med kroniske smerter ses desuden en st&oslash;rre accept af smerterne, s&aring; de opleves mindre indgribende i dagligdagen <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Veehof MM, Trompetter HR, Bohlmeijer ET, Schreurs KM, Acceptance- and mindfulness-based interventions for the treatment of chronic pain: a meta-analytic review. Cogn Behav Ther 2016;45: 5-31" data-value-piped="Veehof MM, Trompetter HR, Bohlmeijer ET, Schreurs KM|Acceptance- and mindfulness-based interventions for the treatment of chronic pain: a meta-analytic review.|Cogn Behav Ther|2016|45|5-31|26818413" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Veehof MM, Trompetter HR, Bohlmeijer ET, Schreurs KM, Acceptance- and mindfulness-based interventions for the treatment of chronic pain: a meta-analytic review. Cogn Behav Ther 2016;45: 5-31">7</a>. </p>
<p>Effekterne underbygges af hjerneforskning, hvor hjernens struktur og funktion &aelig;ndres i omr&aring;der, som st&aring;r for regulering af stress. Konsistente fund viser s&aring;ledes &aelig;ndringer i amygdala, hippocampus, insula og den frontale del af pandelappen<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Tang YY, Hölzel BK, Posner MI, The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation. Nat Rev Neurosci 2015;16: 213-25" data-value-piped="Tang YY, Hölzel BK, Posner MI|The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation.|Nat Rev Neurosci|2015|16|213-25|25783612" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="25783612" title="Tang YY, Hölzel BK, Posner MI, The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation. Nat Rev Neurosci 2015;16: 213-25">14</a>. &AElig;ndringerne er mest udtalte hos personer med mange timers meditationspraksis, men ses ogs&aring; efter 8 ugers MBSR-tr&aelig;ning. </p>
<h3>MBSR anbefalinger</h3>
<p>P&aring; grundlag af den eksisterende videnskabelige litteratur kan MBSR anbefales til:&nbsp;</p>
<ul>
    <li>Ellers raske unge og voksne med behov for &ndash; eller &oslash;nske om redskaber til stress h&aring;ndtering og fremme af mental sundhed <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Khoury B, Sharma M, Rush SE, Fournier C, Mindfulness-based stress reduction for healthy individuals: A meta-analysis. J Psychosom Res 2015;78: 519-28" data-value-piped="Khoury B, Sharma M, Rush SE, Fournier C|Mindfulness-based stress reduction for healthy individuals: A meta-analysis.|J Psychosom Res|2015|78|519-28|25818837" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Khoury B, Sharma M, Rush SE, Fournier C, Mindfulness-based stress reduction for healthy individuals: A meta-analysis. J Psychosom Res 2015;78: 519-28">2</a>, <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Spinelli C, Wisener M, Khoury B, Mindfulness training for healthcare professionals and trainees: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Psychosom Res 2019;120: 29-38" data-value-piped="Spinelli C, Wisener M, Khoury B|Mindfulness training for healthcare professionals and trainees: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.|J Psychosom Res|2019|120|29-38|30929705" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Spinelli C, Wisener M, Khoury B, Mindfulness training for healthcare professionals and trainees: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Psychosom Res 2019;120: 29-38">3</a>, <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Chi X, Bo A, Liu T, Zhang P, Chi I, Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Depression in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol 2018;9: 1034" data-value-piped="Chi X, Bo A, Liu T, Zhang P, Chi I|Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Depression in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.|Front Psychol|2018|9|1034|29977221" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="29977221" title="Chi X, Bo A, Liu T, Zhang P, Chi I, Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Depression in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol 2018;9: 1034">15</a></li>
    <li>Personer med kronisk sygdom som komplementerende behandling <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Abbott RA, Whear R, Rodgers LR, Bethel A, Thompson Coon J, Kuyken W, Stein K, Dickens C, Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness based cognitive therapy in vascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Psychosom Res 2014;76: 341-51" data-value-piped="Abbott RA, Whear R, Rodgers LR, Bethel A, Thompson Coon J, Kuyken W, Stein K, Dickens C|Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness based cognitive therapy in vascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.|J Psychosom Res|2014|76|341-51|24745774" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Abbott RA, Whear R, Rodgers LR, Bethel A, Thompson Coon J, Kuyken W, Stein K, Dickens C, Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness based cognitive therapy in vascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Psychosom Res 2014;76: 341-51">4</a>, <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Cillessen L, Johannsen M, Speckens AEM, Zachariae R, Mindfulness-based interventions for psychological and physical health outcomes in cancer patients and survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychooncology 2019;28: 2257-2269" data-value-piped="Cillessen L, Johannsen M, Speckens AEM, Zachariae R|Mindfulness-based interventions for psychological and physical health outcomes in cancer patients and survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.|Psychooncology|2019|28|2257-2269|31464026" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Cillessen L, Johannsen M, Speckens AEM, Zachariae R, Mindfulness-based interventions for psychological and physical health outcomes in cancer patients and survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychooncology 2019;28: 2257-2269">5</a>, <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Piet J, Würtzen H, Zachariae R, The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on symptoms of anxiety and depression in adult cancer patients and survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Consult Clin Psychol 2012;80: 1007-20" data-value-piped="Piet J, Würtzen H, Zachariae R|The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on symptoms of anxiety and depression in adult cancer patients and survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.|J Consult Clin Psychol|2012|80|1007-20|22563637" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="22563637" title="Piet J, Würtzen H, Zachariae R, The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on symptoms of anxiety and depression in adult cancer patients and survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Consult Clin Psychol 2012;80: 1007-20">16</a></li>
    <li>Personer med kroniske smerter<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Khoo EL, Small R, Cheng W, Hatchard T, Glynn B, Rice DB, Skidmore B, Kenny S, Hutton B, Poulin PA, Comparative evaluation of group-based mindfulness-based stress reduction and cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment and management of chronic pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Evid Based Ment Health 2019;22: 26-35" data-value-piped="Khoo EL, Small R, Cheng W, Hatchard T, Glynn B, Rice DB, Skidmore B, Kenny S, Hutton B, Poulin PA|Comparative evaluation of group-based mindfulness-based stress reduction and cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment and management of chronic pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.|Evid Based Ment Health|2019|22|26-35|30705039" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Khoo EL, Small R, Cheng W, Hatchard T, Glynn B, Rice DB, Skidmore B, Kenny S, Hutton B, Poulin PA, Comparative evaluation of group-based mindfulness-based stress reduction and cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment and management of chronic pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Evid Based Ment Health 2019;22: 26-35">6</a>, <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Veehof MM, Trompetter HR, Bohlmeijer ET, Schreurs KM, Acceptance- and mindfulness-based interventions for the treatment of chronic pain: a meta-analytic review. Cogn Behav Ther 2016;45: 5-31" data-value-piped="Veehof MM, Trompetter HR, Bohlmeijer ET, Schreurs KM|Acceptance- and mindfulness-based interventions for the treatment of chronic pain: a meta-analytic review.|Cogn Behav Ther|2016|45|5-31|26818413" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Veehof MM, Trompetter HR, Bohlmeijer ET, Schreurs KM, Acceptance- and mindfulness-based interventions for the treatment of chronic pain: a meta-analytic review. Cogn Behav Ther 2016;45: 5-31">7</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</li>
</ul>
<h3>Sammenfatning</h3>
<ul>
    <li>
    Sammenfattende er MBSR et videnskabeligt veldokumenteret program med effekt p&aring; stress, angst, depression og kroniske smerter hos b&aring;de ellers raske personer og kronisk syge. </li>
    <li>MBSR anbefales af Sundhedsstyrelsen til fremme af mental sundhed:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sst.dk/da/udgivelser/2018/forebyggelsespakke-mental-sundhed?fbclid=IwAR3nplD22W6UbOEvic3fOr3uEs_tNvehPiyfUMcM0qAdqksD333RLkF5jVk" target="_blank">Forebyggelsespakke - Mental sundhed</a></li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.sst.dk/da/udgivelser/2018/forebyggelsespakke-mental-sundhed?fbclid=IwAR3nplD22W6UbOEvic3fOr3uEs_tNvehPiyfUMcM0qAdqksD333RLkF5jVk" target="_blank"></a></p>
<h2>Mindfulness-baseret kognitiv terapi&nbsp;</h2>
<p>Mindfulness-baseret kognitiv terapi (MBKT) er udviklet fra MBSR-programmet og m&aring;lrettet forebyggelse af tilbagefald af depression. </p>
<p>MBKT-programmet integrerer s&aring;ledes MBSR og elementer fra den kognitive terapi i et 8-ugers gruppebaseret forl&oslash;b med op til 15 deltagere. </p>
<p>Teoretisk er MBKT-programmet baseret p&aring; en kognitiv model, hvor risikoen for tilbagefald forklares som en &oslash;get s&aring;rbarhed, der er grundlagt af tidligere episoder og som medf&oslash;rer, at dysfunktionelle m&oslash;nstre (negative tanker og f&oslash;lelser) lettere reaktiveres.</p>
<p>Sammen med elementerne fra den kognitive terapi er mindfulness derfor her rettet mod bevidstg&oslash;relse og forebyggelse af en reaktivering af de m&oslash;nstre, der igangs&aelig;tter og fastholder depression. </p>
<p>MBKT minder i sin struktur med 8 sessioner og en heldags session, samt graden af hjemmearbejde meget om MBSR-programmet.</p>
<p>Flere af &oslash;velserne g&aring;r ogs&aring; igen i begge programmer.</p>
<p>Det som adskiller dem er, at hvor MBSR er rettet mod stressh&aring;ndtering og mental sundhed i bred forstand, er MBKT rettet mod forebyggelse af tilbagefald af depression. M&aring;lgruppen for MBKT er dermed mere afgr&aelig;nset. MBKT har f&aelig;rre deltagere end MBSR, og der er mere fokus p&aring; den enkelte, som f&aring;r lavet en individuel forebyggelsesplan og MBKT-underviseren har en klinisk baggrund. </p>
<h3>Grundl&aelig;gger af MBKT og videnskabelige studier</h3>
<p>MBKT er grundlagt af tre kognitive psykologer; Zindel V. Segal, J. Mark G. Williams og John D. Teasdale. </p>
<ul>
    <li>Baggrunden for udviklingen af MBKT, samt programmet session for session er beskrevet i bogen Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression (2002). </li>
    <li>Bogen er udgivet p&aring; dansk i 2014 under titlen Mindfulness-baseret kognitiv terapi mod depression<a href=" " data-type="book-reference" data-value="Zindel V. Segal, J. Mark G. Williams and Teasdale JD. Mindfulness-baseret kognitiv terapi mod depression. : Hans Reitzels Forlag; 2014" data-value-piped="Zindel V. Segal, J. Mark G. Williams and Teasdale JD|Mindfulness-baseret kognitiv terapi mod depression||Hans Reitzels Forlag|2014" data-url="reference-link" title="Zindel V. Segal, J. Mark G. Williams and Teasdale JD. Mindfulness-baseret kognitiv terapi mod depression. : Hans Reitzels Forlag; 2014">17</a>.&nbsp;</li>
    <li>MBKT er unders&oslash;gt i adskillige videnskabelige studier.</li>
    <li> Metaanalyser med sammenfatninger af den videnskabelige litteratur konkluderer, at MBKT kan sidestilles med kognitiv terapi og vedligeholdelsesbehandling med antidepressiv medicin til personer i risiko for tilbagefald af depression <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74" data-value-piped="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T|Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials.|JAMA Psychiatry|2016|73|565-74|27119968" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74">8</a>, <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Goldberg SB, Tucker RP, Greene PA, Davidson RJ, Wampold BE, Kearney DJ, Simpson TL, Mindfulness-based interventions for psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 2018;59: 52-60" data-value-piped="Goldberg SB, Tucker RP, Greene PA, Davidson RJ, Wampold BE, Kearney DJ, Simpson TL|Mindfulness-based interventions for psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.|Clin Psychol Rev|2018|59|52-60|29126747" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="29126747" title="Goldberg SB, Tucker RP, Greene PA, Davidson RJ, Wampold BE, Kearney DJ, Simpson TL, Mindfulness-based interventions for psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 2018;59: 52-60">18</a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li>
</ul>
<h3>MBKT forebygger effekt af recidiv depression&nbsp;</h3>
<p>P&aring; grundlag af den eksisterende videnskabelige litteratur kan det konkluderes at:</p>
<ul>
    <li>MBKT kan tilbydes som forebyggende behandling af tilbagevendende depression uafh&aelig;ngigt af k&oslash;n og alder<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74" data-value-piped="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T|Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials.|JAMA Psychiatry|2016|73|565-74|27119968" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74">8</a></li>
    <li>Der er en tendens til at MBKT er mest effektivt i de tilf&aelig;lde, hvor der ses udtalte depressive symptomer<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74" data-value-piped="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T|Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials.|JAMA Psychiatry|2016|73|565-74|27119968" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74">8</a>, <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Kuyken W, Hayes R, Barrett B, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Kessler D, Lewis G, Watkins E, Brejcha C, Cardy J, Causley A, Cowderoy S, Evans A, Gradinger F, Kaur S, Lanham P, Morant N, Richards J, Shah P, Sutton H, Vicary R, Weaver A, Wilks J, Williams M, Taylor RS, Byford S, Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy compared with maintenance antidepressant treatment in the prevention of depressive relapse or recurrence (PREVENT): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2015;386: 63-73" data-value-piped="Kuyken W, Hayes R, Barrett B, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Kessler D, Lewis G, Watkins E, Brejcha C, Cardy J, Causley A, Cowderoy S, Evans A, Gradinger F, Kaur S, Lanham P, Morant N, Richards J, Shah P, Sutton H, Vicary R, Weaver A, Wilks J, Williams M, Taylor RS, Byford S|Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy compared with maintenance antidepressant treatment in the prevention of depressive relapse or recurrence (PREVENT): a randomised controlled trial.|Lancet|2015|386|63-73|25907157" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="25907157" title="Kuyken W, Hayes R, Barrett B, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Kessler D, Lewis G, Watkins E, Brejcha C, Cardy J, Causley A, Cowderoy S, Evans A, Gradinger F, Kaur S, Lanham P, Morant N, Richards J, Shah P, Sutton H, Vicary R, Weaver A, Wilks J, Williams M, Taylor RS, Byford S, Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy compared with maintenance antidepressant treatment in the prevention of depressive relapse or recurrence (PREVENT): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2015;386: 63-73">19</a></li>
    <li>MBKT har en forebyggende effekt p&aring; recidiv af depression p&aring; niveau med kognitiv terapi <a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Biesheuvel-Leliefeld KE, Kok GD, Bockting CL, Cuijpers P, Hollon SD, van Marwijk HW, Smit F, Effectiveness of psychological interventions in preventing recurrence of depressive disorder: meta-analysis and meta-regression. J Affect Disord 2015;174: 400-10" data-value-piped="Biesheuvel-Leliefeld KE, Kok GD, Bockting CL, Cuijpers P, Hollon SD, van Marwijk HW, Smit F|Effectiveness of psychological interventions in preventing recurrence of depressive disorder: meta-analysis and meta-regression.|J Affect Disord|2015|174|400-10|25553400" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Biesheuvel-Leliefeld KE, Kok GD, Bockting CL, Cuijpers P, Hollon SD, van Marwijk HW, Smit F, Effectiveness of psychological interventions in preventing recurrence of depressive disorder: meta-analysis and meta-regression. J Affect Disord 2015;174: 400-10">10</a>&nbsp;og antidepressiv medicinsk behandling<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74" data-value-piped="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T|Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials.|JAMA Psychiatry|2016|73|565-74|27119968" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74">8</a></li>
    <li>Der er ikke rapporteret alvorlige bivirkninger ved MBKT<a href=" " data-type="journal-reference" data-value="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74" data-value-piped="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T|Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials.|JAMA Psychiatry|2016|73|565-74|27119968" data-url="reference-link" data-pubmedid="undefined" title="Kuyken W, Warren FC, Taylor RS, Whalley B, Crane C, Bondolfi G, Hayes R, Huijbers M, Ma H, Schweizer S, Segal Z, Speckens A, Teasdale JD, Van Heeringen K, Williams M, Byford S, Byng R, Dalgleish T, Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Prevention of Depressive Relapse: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis From Randomized Trials. JAMA Psychiatry 2016;73: 565-74">8</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>Sammenfatning</h3>
<ul>
    <li>
    Sammenfattende er MBKT et videnskabeligt veldokumenteret program, der kan tilbydes som forebyggende behandling til personer med tidligere depression. </li>
    <li>Da MBKT-programmet er lagt an p&aring;, at der tr&aelig;nes i et betydeligt omfang mellem sessionerne, er deltagerens motivation dog af afg&oslash;rende betydning og b&oslash;r tages med i overvejelserne omkring en eventuel deltagelse i et forl&oslash;b.&nbsp;</li>
</ul>
<h2>Henvisning</h2>
<ul>
    <li>MBSR og MBKT anvendes i stigende grad som behandling i flere lande. </li>
    <li>I fx England har patienter med depression s&aring;ledes adgang til MBKT og patienter med kroniske lidelser og kr&aelig;ft har adgang til MBSR. </li>
    <li>I Danmark er MBSR og MBKT endnu ikke en del af det offentlige sundhedsv&aelig;sen, men tilbydes enkelte steder. </li>
    <li>P&aring; Stressreduktionsklinikken, Bispebjerg Hospital tilbydes MBSR som intervention mod arbejdsrelateret stress. </li>
    <li>P&aring; Smerteklinikken Odense Universitetshospital anvendes MBSR som smertebehandling.&nbsp;</li>
</ul>
<p>Det er muligt at k&oslash;be kurser. B&aring;de MBSR og MBKT tilbydes af Dansk Center for Mindfulness, Aarhus Universitet.&nbsp;</p>
<h2>Patientinformation</h2>
<ul>
    <li><a href="~/link.aspx?_id=D487955B57444EEAA58C64910BAAF5AA&amp;_z=z">Mindfulness - for borgere</a></li>
    <li><a href="~/link.aspx?_id=D487955B57444EEAA58C64910BAAF5AA&amp;_z=z"></a><a href="https://mindfulness.au.dk/">Dansk Center for Mindfulness</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</li>
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